Interactions | Reactions | Processes

Classified as: Addition

Addition is the process whereby two species, W and X, attach themselves to (usually) a pi-double-bond which is consequently reduced in bond order.

Upon addition, triple bond alkynes become double bond alkenes, and double bond alkenes become single bond alkanes.

There are very many variations to this general theme.

For more information look in the Chemogenesis webbook section on addition reactions.

  +  
         
  +  

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  +  
Zn(Cu)
  +  
CH2I2
         

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R–C≡C–H
  +  
  +  
HOOH
  +  
NaOH
         
RCH2CHO

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2
  +  
BF3←THF
in THF
         
  +  

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  +  
HCN
         

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  +  
H2C=CH2
         

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CH2
  +  
H2C=CH2
         

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CH2N2
  +  
H2C=CH2
         

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  +  
SO2
         

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R–C≡C–R
  +  
H2
  +  
Pd
on C
         

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R–C≡C–R
  +  
2
H2
  +  
Pd
on C
         

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R–C≡C–R
  +  
2
H2
  +  
Pt
on carbon
         

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  +  
H2
  +  
Pd
on C
         

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  +  
H2
  +  
Rh
on Carbon
         

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RCOOH
  +  
2
H2
  +  
Ru
on carbon
         
RCH2OH
  +  
2
H2O

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RCHO
  +  
H2
  +  
Ru
on carbon
  +  
H2O
         
RCH2OH

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  +  
H2
  +  
Pd
on C
         

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  +  
H2
  +  
Ru
on carbon
         

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  +  
3
H2
  +  
Rh
on Carbon
         

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RHC=N–NH2
  +  
H2
  +  
Pt
on carbon
         
R–CH2–NNH2

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  +  
H2
  +  
Pt
on carbon
         

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  +  
H2
  +  
Ru
on carbon
  +  
H2O
         
R2CHOH

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  +  
H2
  +  
Pd
on C
         

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  +  
4
H2
  +  
Rh
on Carbon
         

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R–CN
  +  
2
H2
  +  
Pd
on C
         
RCH2NH2

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2
R–CN
  +  
4
H2
  +  
Rh
on Carbon
         
(RCH2)2NH
  +  
NH3

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R–CN
  +  
R–NH2
  +  
4
H2
  +  
Rh
on Carbon
         
  +  
NH3

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  +  
2
H2
  +  
Pd
on C
         

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  +  
H2
  +  
H2O
  +  
Pd
on C
  +  
H+(aq)
          
  +  
NH3

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R2N–NO
  +  
2
H2
  +  
Pd
on C
         
(R)2N–NH2
  +  
H2O

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  +  
3
H2
  +  
Rh
on Carbon
         

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  +  
2
H2
  +  
Pd
on C
         

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  +  
H2
  +  
Pd
on C
         

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2
  +  
  +  
Pd
on C
         
2
  +  

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  +  
H2
  +  
Pd
on C
  +  
(CH3)3COH
         
  +  

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  +  
H2
  +  
Pd
on C
  +  
         
  +  

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  +  
H2
  +  
Pd
on C
         
  +  

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R–C≡C–R
  +  
H2O
  +  
HgSO4
  +  
H2SO4
         

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CH3–C≡C–H
  +  
H2O
  +  
HgSO4
  +  
H2SO4
         

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  +  
H2
  +  
Pd
on C
         

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  +  
H2
  +  
Pd
on C
         

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  +  
H2O
  +  
Aconitase
         

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O=C=C=C=O
  +  
2
HCl
         

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2
NO
  +  
3
H2
         
2
H2N–OH

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SO3
  +  
HCl
         
HSO3Cl

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SO3
  +  
HBr
         

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SO3
  +  
HF
         
HSO3F

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2
H2C=CH2
  +  
SCl2
         
S(CH2CH2Cl)2

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CH3–CH=CH2
  +  
HBr
         
(CH3)2CHBr

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H2C=CH2
  +  
H2O
  +  
H+
         
CH3CH2OH

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CCl3CHO
  +  
H2O
         

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HCHO
  +  
H2O
         

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HC≡CH
  +  
HCHO
         
HC≡CCH2OH

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HC≡CH
  +  
CH3COOH
         

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H2C=CHCl
  +  
Cl2
         
CHCl2CH2Cl

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  +  
CH2I2
  +  
Zn(Cu)
  +  
         
  +  
2
I–

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2
H2C=C=O
         

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H2C=CH2
  +  
HClO
         

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H2C=CH2
  +  
Cl2
  +  
FeCl3
         
CH2ClCH2Cl

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2
H2C=CH2
  +  
4
HCl
  +  
O2
  +  
CuCl2
         
2
CH2ClCH2Cl
  +  
2
H2O

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H2C=CH2
  +  
Br2
         

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AlH3
  +  
3
H2C=CH2
         
Al(CH2CH3)3

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H2C=CH2
  +  
CO
  +  
H2
         

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CH3–CH=CH2
  +  
HClO
         

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  +  
CH3OH
         

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  +  
HCN
  +  
[OH]–
         

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CH3–CH=CH2
  +  
CO
  +  
H2
         
  +  

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  +  
2
CO
  +  
2
H2O
         

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  +  
CH3–N=C=O
         

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HC≡CH
  +  
AsCl3
  +  
AlCl3
         

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2
CCl4
         
Cl2C=CCl2
  +  
2
Cl2

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  +  
Cl2
         
  +  

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H2C=CH2
  +  
HCo(CO)3
  +  
CO
         

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  +  
         

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CH2ClCH2Cl
  +  
3
Cl2
         
Cl2C=CCl2
  +  
4
HCl

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HC≡CH
  +  
R–OH
  +  
RO–
         

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HC≡CH
  +  
HCN
  +  
CuCl
  +  
NH4Cl
         

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  +  
  +  
  +  
H2O
         
Polyurethane
  +  
CO2

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  +  
HCN
         

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  +  
4
H2
  +  
Ni
         

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  +  
LiAlH4
  +  
8
[H]
         

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  +  
HBr
         

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Sunflower
Oil
  +  
H2
  +  
Ni
         
Soft
Margarine

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Sunflower
Oil
  +  
H2
  +  
Ni
         
Hard
Margarine

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CH3–CH=CH2
  +  
Br2
         

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  +  
H2SO4
         

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H2C=CH2
  +  
HBr
         
CH3CH2Br

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H2C=CH2
  +  
H2SO4
         

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  +  
H–
         

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  +  
NaBH4
  +  
2
[H]
         

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  +  
LiAlH4
  +  
2
[H]
         

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  +  
H–
         

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  +  
NaBH4
  +  
2
[H]
         

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  +  
LiAlH4
  +  
2
[H]
         

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  +  
[CN]–
  +  
H+
         

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  +  
NaCN
  +  
H+
  +  
H2O
         

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  +  
HBr
         

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RCOOH
  +  
2
LiCH3
         

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© Mark R. Leach 1999 –

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