Interactions | Reactions | Processes
Classified as: Substitution: Nucleophilic Aromatic
Nucleophilic aromatic substitution occurs when a nucleophilic Lewis base displaces a nucleofuge from an sp2 aromatic carbon. Aromatic systems are generally electron rich moieties in which the ¹-system inhibits the substitution. (The electron rich nucleophile has to pierce the electron rich pi-system to reach the centre at which the nucleophilic substitution is to occur.) However, if the Nfg function Ñfor example, a halogenÑ has electron withdrawing functions ortho or para to the Nfg, the reaction proceeds far more readily. Many halogenated nitrogen heterocycles are susceptible to SNAr attack.
+ |
H2O |
+ |
N2 |
+ |
H+ |
+ |
NaOH |
+ |
Na+ |
+ |
[HSO3]– |
+ |
[OH]– |
+ |
H2O |
+ |
N2 |
+ |
KOH |
+ |
KCl |
+ |
2 |
NH3 |
+ |
CuCl |
+ |
NH4Cl |
+ |
NH3 |
+ |
Al2O3 |
+ |
H2O |
© Mark R. Leach 1999 –
Queries, Suggestions, Bugs, Errors, Typos...
If you have any:
Queries
Comments
Suggestions
Suggestions for links
Bug, typo or grammatical error reports about this page,please contact Mark R. Leach, the author, using mark@meta-synthesis.com